Sequential conditional probability ratio tests (SCPRTs) provide monitoring procedures with a unique property that a decision reached at early stopping is unlikely to be reversed should the trial ...

Scientists at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) have developed new insight into a formula that helped British cryptanalysts crack the German Enigma code in World War II. Scientists at the ...

Z1, Z2, ⋯ is a sequence of iid k-vectors with common distribution P. G* is a group of transformations Zn → CZn + b, C ε G, where G is a Lie group of k2 matrices, dim G ≥ 1, G closed in the group of ...

Traders in bonds and credit default swaps are bombarded with information on the default probabilities implied by credit spreads using a simple ratio. This ratio predicts that the credit spread will be ...