A new study finds that at least one Archaea has surprisingly flexibility when interpreting genetic code, which goes against a ...

It has been observed for several proteins that slowing down the rate at which individual codons are translated can increase their probability of cotranslational protein folding, while speeding up ...

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 104, No. 26 (Jun. 26, 2007), pp. 10824-10829 (6 pages) In universal-code eukaryotes, a single-translation ...

Scientists have discovered a microbe that bends the rules of the genetic code. This organism, Methanosarcina acetivorans, uses a flexible translation process. One codon, UAG, traditionally a stop ...

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 114, No. 43 (October 24, 2017), pp. 11434-11439 (6 pages) Recent experiments and simulations have demonstrated ...

DNA has often been called “the book of life,” but this popular phrase makes some biologists squirm a bit. True, DNA bears our genes, which spell out the instructions our cells use to make ...

The genetic code is a set of instructions that direct the translation of DNA into 20 amino acids, the basic units of proteins in living cells. The genetic code is made up of codons, which are ...

Living things, from bacteria to humans, depend on a workforce of proteins to carry out essential tasks within their cells. Proteins are chains of amino acids that are strung together according to ...