This comprehensive review synthesizes a decade of human and animal research to explain how the gut and brain communicate ...

The limbic system helps regulate emotional and social processing, as well as learning, motivation, and memory. It consists of structures that lie beneath the outer, wrinkly part of the brain and above ...

If you want to understand an electronic device, you can simply review its circuit diagram. But even if such diagrams existed for the brain, they would be of limited use in unraveling this organ’s ...

Your brain ventricles are four fluid-filled chambers that produce cerebrospinal fluid. This fluid helps nourish your brain and protect it from injury. It would be easy to argue that your brain is the ...

Impaired glymphatic function — the brain’s waste clearance system — could help explain how cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors may drive dementia. In a large UK Biobank study, MRI markers of ...

It’s been known for millennia that the human body accumulates waste as a result of day-to-day functioning, but it’s now recognized that the awake, active brain also builds up waste that negatively ...

Aging compromises the lymphatic vessels surrounding the brain, disabling waste drainage from the brain and impacting cognitive function. Researchers boosted lymphatic vessel integrity in old mice and ...

The Importance of Gliotransmitters for Brain Function, Plus Cognitive and Motor Efficiencies Gliotransmitters are neurochemicals released by glial cells. They support communication between neurons and ...